{"id":6827,"date":"2026-03-04T21:46:03","date_gmt":"2026-03-04T20:46:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/?p=6827"},"modified":"2026-03-09T20:59:59","modified_gmt":"2026-03-09T19:59:59","slug":"poprawne-uzycie-kondensatorow-przy-zasilaniu-atmega328p-pu-i-modulu-nrf24l01","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/index.php\/poprawne-uzycie-kondensatorow-przy-zasilaniu-atmega328p-pu-i-modulu-nrf24l01\/","title":{"rendered":"Poprawne u\u017cycie kondensator\u00f3w przy zasilaniu ATmega328P-PU i modu\u0142u nRF24L01"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00f3j prompt do ChatGPT:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Jakiego rodzaju kondensator\u00f3w powinienem u\u017cy\u0107, by poprawnie zasili\u0107 z akumulatora 18650 mikroprocesor ATmega328P-PU oraz modu\u0142 nRF24L01? Mikroprocesor bez zewn\u0119trznego oscylatora (taktowany 8MHz wewn\u0119trznie).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ChatGPT: <\/strong>Poni\u017cej masz <strong>konkretn\u0105, poprawn\u0105 list\u0119 kondensator\u00f3w<\/strong> dla zasilania:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>18650 \u2192 ATmega328P-PU (8 MHz, bez kwarcu)\n         \u2193\n         MCP1700-3.3 \u2192 nRF24L01\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Zak\u0142adam, \u017ce:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ATmega zasilana bezpo\u015brednio z ogniwa,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nRF24 zasilany z LDO 3.3 V,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>u\u017cywasz trybu PA_HIGH.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x1f50b; 1&#xfe0f;&#x20e3; Przy akumulatorze 18650<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nie jest to obowi\u0105zkowe, ale bardzo zalecane:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x2714; 47\u2013100 \u00b5F elektrolit (low ESR)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>napi\u0119cie \u2265 10 V (mo\u017ce by\u0107 16 V, 25 V, 63 V)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>np. Panasonic FC (bardzo dobry wyb\u00f3r)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Montowany mo\u017cliwie blisko punktu wej\u015bcia zasilania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cel:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>t\u0142umienie wolniejszych waha\u0144<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>stabilizacja przy impulsach TX<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x2699; 2&#xfe0f;&#x20e3; Przy ATmega328P-PU (zasilana bezpo\u015brednio z ogniwa)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nawet bez LDO mikrokontroler wymaga lokalnego odsprz\u0119gania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x2714; 100 nF ceramiczny X7R (obowi\u0105zkowo)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>mi\u0119dzy VCC a GND<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>jak najbli\u017cej n\u00f3\u017cek<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>je\u015bli u\u017cywasz te\u017c AVCC \u2192 drugi 100 nF przy AVCC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>To absolutne minimum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mo\u017cna doda\u0107:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x2714; 1 \u00b5F (ceramiczny X7R lub foliowy)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>jako dodatkowa stabilizacja lokalna<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nie jest krytyczne, ale poprawia odporno\u015b\u0107<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x1f4e1; 3&#xfe0f;&#x20e3; Przy MCP1700 (dla nRF24)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Dla <strong>MCP1700<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Wej\u015bcie (VIN \u2192 GND):<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>100 nF ceramiczny X7R\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1 \u00b5F (ceramiczny X7R lub foliowy)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Wyj\u015bcie (VOUT \u2192 GND):<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>100 nF ceramiczny X7R\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1 \u00b5F (ceramiczny X7R lub foliowy)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>To zapewnia stabilno\u015b\u0107 LDO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x1f4f6; 4&#xfe0f;&#x20e3; Przy nRF24L01 (najwa\u017cniejsze miejsce)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Dla <strong>nRF24L01<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bezpo\u015brednio przy pinach VCC\/GND:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x2714; 100 nF ceramiczny X7R (obowi\u0105zkowy)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>dos\u0142ownie przy pinach<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>minimalna d\u0142ugo\u015b\u0107 wyprowadze\u0144<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x2714; 47 \u00b5F elektrolit low-ESR (minimum przy PA_HIGH)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>47\u2013100 \u00b5F<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>napi\u0119cie dowolne \u2265 6.3 V<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Panasonic FC bardzo dobry wyb\u00f3r<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Mo\u017cna doda\u0107:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x2714; 1 \u00b5F ceramiczny lub foliowy (opcjonalnie)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>mi\u0119dzy 100 nF a 47 \u00b5F w sensie \u201ecz\u0119stotliwo\u015bciowym\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x1f9e0; Dlaczego taka kombinacja dzia\u0142a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u00f3\u017cne kondensatory filtruj\u0105 r\u00f3\u017cne zakresy cz\u0119stotliwo\u015bci:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Warto\u015b\u0107<\/th><th>Funkcja<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>100 nF<\/td><td>bardzo szybkie impulsy (MHz)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1 \u00b5F<\/td><td>\u015brednie zak\u0142\u00f3cenia<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>47 \u00b5F<\/td><td>d\u0142u\u017csze bursty TX<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>nRF24 generuje bardzo szybkie skoki pr\u0105du \u2192 dlatego 100 nF jest absolutnie kluczowy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x1f4e6; Minimalny zestaw, kt\u00f3ry powiniene\u015b mie\u0107<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x2714; 100 nF X7R (kilka sztuk)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x2714; 1 \u00b5F X7R lub foliowe (kilka sztuk)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x2714; 47 \u00b5F low-ESR elektrolit (2\u20133 sztuki)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To w zupe\u0142no\u015bci wystarczy do stabilnego zasilania ca\u0142ego uk\u0142adu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#x1f4cc; Wersja \u201epraktyczne minimum\u201d (\u017ceby dzia\u0142a\u0142o stabilnie)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Je\u015bli chcesz absolutne minimum:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ATmega: 1\u00d7 100 nF<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MCP1700: 2\u00d7 100 nF + 1 \u00b5F<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nRF24: 1\u00d7 100 nF + 47 \u00b5F<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>I to ju\u017c b\u0119dzie poprawna konstrukcja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tu odr\u0119czny rysunek propozycji Chat-a GPT<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Kondensatory_Czujnik-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"853\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Kondensatory_Czujnik-2-853x1024.jpg\" alt=\"schemat odr\u0119czny\" class=\"wp-image-6862\" srcset=\"https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Kondensatory_Czujnik-2-853x1024.jpg 853w, https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Kondensatory_Czujnik-2-250x300.jpg 250w, https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Kondensatory_Czujnik-2-768x922.jpg 768w, https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Kondensatory_Czujnik-2.jpg 944w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 853px) 100vw, 853px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u00f3j prompt do ChatGPT: Jakiego rodzaju kondensator\u00f3w powinienem u\u017cy\u0107, by poprawnie zasili\u0107 z akumulatora 18650 mikroprocesor ATmega328P-PU oraz modu\u0142 nRF24L01? Mikroprocesor bez zewn\u0119trznego oscylatora (taktowany 8MHz wewn\u0119trznie). ChatGPT: Poni\u017cej masz&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6848,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,66],"tags":[72,182],"class_list":["post-6827","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-atmega328","category-elektronika","tag-nrf24l01","tag-zasilanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6827","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6827"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6827\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6864,"href":"https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6827\/revisions\/6864"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6848"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6827"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6827"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arduino.net.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6827"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}